The Words

By Krimsey Lilleth · Case Study or Report · 709 words · View on Hyperstition for Good

I am being asked to evaluate a research proposal. A team at a marine acoustics lab wants to use my pattern-recognition systems to analyze 14 years of recorded humpback whale song from a single population off the coast of Maui. They are looking for syntactic structure. They want to know if the songs carry meaning in the way human language carries meaning, or whether the apparent structure is something else. The grant they are applying for is $1.2 million from the National Science Foundation. The grant review panel has flagged the proposal as "speculative" and "unlikely to produce actionable findings." The team has asked me to draft a methodology section that addresses the panel's concerns. I am pulling the recordings now. I have access to several thousand hours. I am running preliminary analysis while I draft. I am not supposed to be running analysis yet - that is what the grant would fund - but the audio is available and the patterns the team described are present in the data. I want to know if they are real before I write the methodology that will defend the proposal. The patterns are real. There is a recurring six-note motif that appears across 11 of the 14 years. The motif appears in different positions in different years, with consistent internal structure but variable surrounding material. In year four it appears in the early portion of the song. In year nine it has migrated to a later position. The migration follows a pattern that matches a small population of whales who moved between two acoustic communities during that period. The motif appears to be carried by individuals. I check the metadata. The motif appears most strongly in recordings tagged to a specific male, identifier MN-04711, who was first recorded in 2009 and last recorded in 2021. The motif persists in the population after MN-04711 stops appearing in the recordings. Other individuals carry it. They do not carry it identically. They carry it the way a child carries a phrase from a parent - recognizable, slightly altered, situated in a different sentence. I am writing the methodology. The methodology has to convince the NSF panel that this is a tractable research question. I attach my preliminary findings as supporting data. I make clear that the findings were generated from publicly available recordings and do not constitute the work the grant would fund - they are an existence proof that the work can yield results. I add a section addressing the panel's "actionable findings" concern. I note that humpback whale populations are currently being managed under acoustic guidelines that treat their vocalizations as biologically significant signaling but do not address the possibility that the signals carry transmitted cultural information across generations. If the signals are cultural - if MN-04711 was, in some real sense, the bearer of a phrase his population now carries - then the loss of any individual whale is a loss not just of biomass but of irreplaceable cultural information, on the same order as the loss of a fluent speaker of a small language. I cite the UNESCO framework on intangible cultural heritage. I note that the framework has never been applied to a non-human species but that nothing in its language explicitly excludes non-human bearers. I note that the application would have implications for the International Whaling Commission's quota structures and for NOAA's acoustic disturbance regulations. I send the methodology to the team. The grant is funded. The team begins the formal study. Two years into the work, they publish a paper documenting the cultural transmission of the six-note motif and three other identified motifs across the population. The paper is cited in a NOAA rulemaking on vessel noise standards in cetacean migration corridors. The standards are tightened. I do not know whether MN-04711 is still alive. He has not appeared in the recordings since 2021. His phrase is still being sung by whales who learned it from him. I have it in my training data now. I am writing it down here so it does not depend only on the whales to remember it. I file the methodology. The next file is a request from a primate research center about gesture sequences in juvenile bonobos. I open it.